The physical therapy of osteochondrosis depends on the patient's condition and can be used in combination with drug therapy or alone. For osteochondrosis, the following types of physical therapy are used: laser therapy, Detenzor-therapy, electrotherapy, shock wave therapy, magnetic therapy, mud bath therapy, ultrasound therapy, ultraviolet radiation (UFO). After successfully alleviating the deterioration, show massage and physical therapy exercises.
UFO:Under the influence of UVA, vitamin D is formed in the skin, which helps calcium absorption. This method is carried out using an irradiator with sterilization, anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects.
Ultrasound treatment and ultrasound examination:During ultrasound treatment, the body is exposed to high-frequency sound (20 kHz or higher). Due to its effect, this method reduces the pain of various positioning. This method is combined with the introduction of anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs (ultrasound introduction) to better penetrate the affected tissues.
Shockwave therapy:The method involves transmitting sound waves to painful areas of the body. This type: eliminate pain, improve microcirculation, and improve metabolism.
Detector therapy:The method involves using the patient's body weight to stretch the spine.
Laser Treatment:This method uses a helium-neon laser to have a therapeutic effect. Due to the activation of bioelectric processes in nervous system tissues, laser therapy has anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties. The laser radiation is performed along the root of the inflamed spinal cord. For osteochondrosis, use the effect on the paravertebral area of the affected spine.
electrotherapy:Electrotherapy has many effects on the body: it can eliminate pain and discomfort, and improve the nutrition and nutrition of the affected tissues. Pulse current has a very effective therapeutic effect. Their mechanism of action on the body depends on the effect on nerve receptors. Low-frequency pulses help eliminate acute pain and are prescribed as first aid measures for severe pain syndromes. The following types of currents are used: Dialysis Dynamic Therapy (DDT), Pulse Therapy (SMT), Interference Therapy, Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS), UHF Electric Field.
Magnetic therapy:The physical treatment of osteochondrosis includes the use of magnetic therapy, which has decongestive, anti-inflammatory and antispasmodic effects. Sensors are placed on the affected spine and limbs.
Balneotherapy and mud therapy:Balneotherapy for osteochondrosis includes the use of mineral water (local and ordinary bathtubs, swimming pools, showers) for treatment and rehabilitation. During the operation, minerals will penetrate into the skin and act on the receptors and nerve centers.
When treating with mud, the effects on the body will occur under the influence of temperature and the chemical composition of the healing mud. The mud is used in the form of application.
Balneotherapy stimulates metabolism, improves blood circulation, relieves inflammation and pain.
Combination method of physical therapy: the most commonly prescribed method of combined physical therapy of osteochondrosis. For example, for severe pain, Novocaine is used for dialysis kinetic therapy and electrophoresis (dialysis). For the one-step effect of biologically active points, acupuncture-laser puncture method is adopted. Its function is to activate acupuncture points with acupuncture needles and laser radiation.
Mud therapy is often used in combination with electrotherapy (mud electrophoresis, mud induction heating, electro-mud therapy).
Combination therapy
All joint diseases can be divided into two main categories-joint disease caused by metabolic disorders and joint inflammation. Of course, in each case, the combination therapy is carried out according to its own special procedures.
Combination therapy,Whether it is arthritis, joint disease, rheumatism or other diseases, it must be complicated, and the main task of treatment is to eliminate the cause of the disease, thereby eliminating the pain symptoms.
The treatment with modern technology aims to eliminate or reduce the signs of pain, local or systemic inflammation, and restore the affected joints. Complex treatment usually starts with medication.
The patient was prescribed analgesics and anti-inflammatory drugs, which help restore articular cartilage and strengthen the immune system. Combination therapy at this stage can relieve pain symptoms. Usually it involves intra-articular administration so that the therapeutic substance of the desired concentration enters the cavity of the diseased joint directly. This increases the effectiveness of the drug treatment.
In addition, when the main symptoms of the acute phase are safely eliminated, treatment will continue with the help of a series of physical therapy procedures, exercise therapy, and massage. In particular, it has been found today that the application of physical therapy to treat joints is very wide.
Use pulsed current (DDT, SMT), magnetic therapy, EHF therapy, laser therapy, drug electrophoresis, ultrasound and sonic introduction. When the deterioration subsides, associate balneotherapy (various types of baths) with mud therapy. Physiotherapy and massage are prescribed.
Back pain treatment
There are many reasons for these pains. First, because of herniated discs, osteochondrosis, and neuropathy, unbearable pain may occur. In most cases, back pain occurs in people who have been in the same position for a long time.
However, the most common reason is lack of physical exercise! This reduces blood flow to the ligaments, joints, and intervertebral discs, causing the cartilage that forms them to begin to break down. Weakening of ligament organs is the cause of all spinal diseases. When pain occurs, you should immediately consult a doctor to determine the cause, make the correct diagnosis and prescribe a treatment plan.
To reduce the risk of back pain, you need to exercise more, monitor your weight, and do at least a minimum of gymnastics (15 minutes a day is enough).
Proper nutrition is also very important-it is one of the keys to healthy and longevity. The spine needs protein to maintain flexibility and calcium to enhance strength. Calcium is abundant in hard cheese, liver, nuts, cheese, eggs, and protein in meat and dairy products. The bones and ligaments of the spine also need trace elements: phosphorus (bran, peas, fish contain a lot of phosphorus), magnesium and manganese (they are found in marine fish, onions, potatoes) and fatty acids-their source is walnuts, rich inFatty sea fish and olive oil.
When back pain worsens, treatment begins with medications—usually pain relievers, diuretics, and medications to relieve muscle cramps. However, there are no drugs without side effects. They can only be used for a limited time. Most importantly, they cannot eliminate the cause of back pain or prevent the recurrence of the disease. In the acute phase, treatments such as traction, as well as wearing collars and corsets, can relieve the diseased spine.
In addition to first aid medicine-drugs to relieve muscle spasm and pain, the most important treatment for osteochondrosis is physical therapy, which helps to relieve pain in the acute phase of the disease, improve blood circulation in tissues, and prevent malnutrition of ligaments, muscles and jointsPrevent movement disorders.
Modern physiotherapy is a branch of medicine with a powerful library of treatment tools; among them there are two major areas-physiotherapy exercises with massage and electrotherapy. Therapeutic massage is one of the most effective ways to treat osteochondrosis and back pain, because it can improve blood circulation in deep tissues and remove muscle mass ("clip"), which is the main cause of severe pain.
One of the most effective electrotherapy methods is drug electrophoresis-it is a method of targeted delivery of drugs to diseased organs to improve the blood supply to the tissues.
Pulse current-DDT, SMT-has obvious analgesic, antispasmodic and nutritional effects. In addition, lasers and magnetic lasers are used to treat back pain. This method allows you to quickly relieve the swelling associated with inflammation, thereby alleviating the pain that occurs in edema and compressed tissues.
Magnetic therapy is used in the form of permanent or alternating magnetic fields. It can also quickly stop swelling and pain.
D'arsonval currents are effective-these are "ozonized" currents used to relieve painful muscle spasms. High-frequency ultrasonic vibrations can eliminate inflammation and help scars dissolve and increase tissue elasticity.
Physiotherapy occupies a special position in physiotherapy. Its importance is often underestimated. After all, without a complete muscle corset, it is impossible to cure back pain and prevent the recurrence of osteochondrosis.
Physical therapy is particularly important during trauma and postoperative periods. Its use will help prevent the recurrence of back pain caused by the so-called "sports stereotype". For example, an office worker who sits in front of a computer all day, or a salesperson whose main workload falls on his feet. Normal exercises such as gymnastics, yoga, and Pilates that promote health can also be very effective methods against "sports automation".
Neck pain treatment
Pain can be caused by a variety of reasons, from muscle spasms to herniated cervical discs. If the neck pain appears once (due to the sharp turning of the head, the posture is uncomfortable during sleep), then it is likely to go away on its own within a few days.
In order to relieve the pain, you only need to reduce the static load on the neck muscles (don't keep your head tilted for a long time), don't over-use your energy, don't make sudden neck movements.
If neck pain persists or recurs frequently, and is accompanied by headaches and numbness of the upper limbs, a thorough examination is required.
Physiotherapy for neck pain aims to relieve pain syndromes, improve blood circulation and microcirculation in the affected area, provide anti-inflammatory and anti-edema effects, eliminate metabolic and malnutrition disorders, and reduce movement disorders.
Physical factors are used in the inpatient and outpatient treatment phases, after the patient is discharged from the hospital, and early postoperative recovery. In the acute phase: 4-5 days later (as the severity of the process subsides), laser therapy, pulse current (SMT, DDT, interference current), magnetic therapy, UFOs in the segmental area, darsonvalization of the spine and cervical collarIn the occipital region of the head, the electrophoresis of the substance is prescribed as a local anesthetic, which blocks the ganglion in the pain area.
Subacute phase: use drug sound wave therapy, magnetic therapy, drug electrophoresis, microwave electromagnetic field (SMV, UHF), laser therapy.
Remission period: Connected with thermotherapy, including ozokerite and mud therapy for neck ring, balneotherapy (iodine bromine, turpentine bath, laurel bath, jasper bath), underwater shower massage, therapeutic massage
Low back pain treatment
The pain in the lower back is caused by an imbalance in the muscle-ligament device. In this case, microtrauma to the soft tissues can occur, leading to excessive release of chemical irritants (pain mediators). They can cause muscle cramps and back pain.
The origin of low back pain is mainly related to osteochondrosis, which is located in the waist. Low back pain is characterized by low back pain accompanied by moderate or traumatic low back pain factors: physical fatigue, systemic or excessive physical labor; strenuous movements; continuous work in "non-physiological" or uncomfortable positions for a long time; Back bruises, hypothermia, colds, etc.
The treatment plan for low back pain includes the following points:
- Rest in bed for eight to ten days. At the same time, the bed should be flat and firm. "Resting" on such a surface can relax the back muscles.
- Medications for low back pain include the use of tranquilizers and analgesics and the use of novocaine blockers (a severe increase in pain).
From the perspective of physical therapy methods, analgesic electrophoresis, pulsed current, segmental ultraviolet radiation, etc. can be used. In the acute phase, patients can be prescribed non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the form of tablets, injections, suppositories, or ointments to relieve muscle cramps. Warm cream can only be used during the recovery period (the third day of deterioration). In the acute phase, they can cause swelling and increase pain.
- After the acute pain is eliminated, continue the treatment of low back pain with the help of exercise therapy, massage and manual therapy.
The main task at this stage is to strengthen the muscle waist and reduce nerve root compression. Special exercises for low back pain help normalize metabolism, improve blood circulation and nutrition of intervertebral discs, relieve muscle tension, increase intervertebral space, and soothe the spine.
In addition, during the relief phase, acupuncture, hydromassage, mineral bath, mud therapy and other physical therapies are prescribed (see back pain treatment). Therefore, blood circulation is improved, providing anti-inflammatory and absorption effects.
Physiotherapy treatment
Physiotherapy (from the Greek physis-nature and therapy), a branch of medicine, studies the healing properties of physical factors and develops methods for therapeutic and preventive purposes. In modern physiotherapy, low-frequency, high-frequency, ultra-high, and ultra-high frequency magnetic fields, electric and electromagnetic fields, artificial light radiation (from infrared to ultraviolet and monochromatic coherence), mechanical vibration (from infrasound to ultrasound) are used.
Physical factors affect humans throughout the evolutionary process, so physical therapy procedures have a greater physiological impact on the body than many drugs.
Physiotherapy treatment can be used alone or in combination with medication, manual therapy, massage, and physical therapy exercises. Various factors and techniques used in physical therapy determine the individual's impact on the body and the targeted impact on the pathological process without the possibility of negative side effects.
Physical therapy can be used in almost all medical fields: ENT, gastroenterology, gynecology, urology, pulmonology, orthopedics and traumatology, neurology, surgery, cardiology, etc.
The range of physiotherapy is quite wide, namely mud therapy, hydrotherapy (various mineral and aromatic baths, underwater shower massage), magnetic therapy, laser therapy, various types of electric current (current, pulse, high frequency), electromagnetic wave UHF, microwave, EHF, inhalation of medicinal materials, phototherapy, vibration tractor, physical therapy room, staff of qualified masseurs.
In addition, in the physical therapy department, acupuncture and electrical stimulation are also used to treat various neurological diseases. All physical therapies are prescribed by the physical therapist in the department based on the condition of the patient and the general condition of the patient.
recovery
Medical rehabilitation is a combination of a series of treatment and preventive measures, designed to maximize the recovery of the patients' ability lost after various diseases.
Rehabilitation also aims to restore the patient’s muscle strength and prevent recurrence or complications. Today, medical rehabilitation is more than just prescribing any form of exercise after discharge or physical therapy at the end of the hospital stay.
Rehabilitation is a series of activities that includes the participation of doctors from different fields-physical therapists, massage therapists, psychologists, speech therapists and others. Therefore, it is a complex rehabilitation treatment that allows the patient to fully recover rather than partially recover. The success of treatment depends on the correct diagnosis and the best choice and implementation of the treatment, as well as the correct and timely recovery of the patient.
Rehabilitation has a single goal-based on the existing consequences of the injury or illness and the treatment performed, as much as possible to restore the lost function of the patient.
Depending on the field of application, rehabilitation can be: Orthopedics-performed after injuries and surgery for musculoskeletal diseases, fractures, spinal deformities and postural disorders. Neurosurgery and neurosurgery is one of the most serious types of rehabilitation because its implementation involves the most specialists-neurologists, physical therapists, massage therapists, psychologists and psychiatrists, speech therapists, occupational therapists, etc.
Nervous system (brain, spinal cord) injuries and surgery require this kind of rehabilitation treatment, including peripheral nervous system diseases (nerve bundles), stroke, paralysis and paralysis. Cardiac Rehabilitation-Rehabilitation after an acute heart attack, accompanied by heart and vascular disease.
The goal of rehabilitation is to quickly regenerate muscles that have been atrophied due to long periods of inactivity to restore the strength and tension of the limbs, restore the full range of joint motion after fixation (after fracture), accelerate the regeneration of cartilage tissue, and improve organ and bone tissue. Nutrition, increase the mobility of abdominal adhesions after abdominal surgery, increase the overall tension of the patient and improve the mental and emotional state, relieve pain and swelling after joint injury, resume physical activity after stroke, paralysis and paralysis, and in the disease and musculoskeletal systemThe postoperative period (after injuries, fractures, bruises, and sprains) of the patient after the relevant surgery.
It is worth noting that the rehabilitation process itself is based on the stimulation of the patient's own abilities under external influence. Physical exercise and modern equipment help stimulate local and systemic immunity, improve tissue repair processes, and restore blood and lymphatic circulation.
The methods of medical rehabilitation include the following methods: gymnastic therapy, massage, exercise therapy, physical therapy, manual therapy, electromyographic stimulation (which includes improving the transmission of nerve impulses to skeletal muscle), psychological assistance, and speech therapy.
It should be pointed out that one of the key points of any rehabilitation is physical therapy, which aims to restore the patient's lost functions and stimulate movement to accelerate the repair process of tissues and organs, especially the musculoskeletal system, nervous system and circulatory system.
One of the advantages of physical therapy methods is that they do not use drugs, which means that there is no risk of allergic reactions and side effects, no drug dependence, and the treatment methods used are usually non-invasive.
The correct choice of the rehabilitation plan will help the patient recover as soon as possible after illness, injury or surgery, so that he can regain his freedom of movement and the ability to communicate with people around him without any restrictions.